The financial stability of universities heavily reliant on Nigerian students is at risk due to the ongoing currency crisis in Nigeria.
Senior education sources express concerns about institutions
with a significant proportion of Nigerian students, as the economic crisis has
caused a surge in inflation and a devaluation of the naira against the dollar.
This situation raises fears that many Nigerian students may
no longer be able to afford tuition fees in British universities, particularly
affecting 20 institutions where they comprise 10% of postgraduate students.
Recent data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency
(Hesa) indicates that UK universities have become increasingly dependent on
Nigerian students, who now form the third largest group of international
students after India and China.
In the previous year, a total of 72,355 Nigerian students
were enrolled in UK higher education institutions, representing a substantial
66% increase.
However, it is anticipated that this figure will experience
a significant decline in the current year due to the combined impact of the
naira’s collapse and the implementation of visa restrictions for student
dependents by the previous Conservative government.
According to an analysis of data from the Higher Education
Statistics Agency (Hesa) conducted by the Telegraph, Nigerian students
comprised over 10% of postgraduate students at 20 British universities during
the academic year 2021/22.
Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen had the highest
proportion of Nigerian postgraduate students, with 29% of their postgraduate
student body originating from Nigeria.
The University of Bradford followed closely with 27%, while
Teesside, Hull, and Sunderland all had over 20% of their postgraduate students
from Nigeria.
Traditionally, overseas students have shown a strong
preference for pursuing Masters and other postgraduate degrees due to the
previous allowance for accompanying family members.
Data obtained from the Migration Observatory revealed that
Nigerian students held the highest proportion of dependents in the United
Kingdom during 2022, with an average of one family member per student.
In an effort to curb overall migration, the preceding
Conservative government implemented a ban on dependent visas for the majority
of postgraduate students in January. Former ministers expressed concerns that
these visas were being exploited as a “backdoor” for employment opportunities
in the UK.
The potential loss of a significant”number of Nigerian
students has raised apprehensions regarding widespread financial challenges
within the university sector.
In recent years, the sector has largely relied on
international student fees to sustain itself, given that domestic tuition fees
remain fixed at £9,250.
According to Hesa, foreign student fees accounted for
approximately a quarter of UK university income last year, a substantial
increase from the five percent recorded in the mid-1990s.
As per the Home Office statistics released on Thursday,
there has been a significant decline in student applications between January
and July of this year, with an overall decrease of 16% compared to the same
period in 2023.
Additionally, there was a substantial drop in the number of
students seeking to bring family members to the UK, with a notable 81%
reduction in applications from student dependents during the same timeframe.
September recruitment is a crucial juncture
A prominent figure in the education sector shared with The
Telegraph that the upcoming recruitment cycle in September could be a pivotal
juncture for universities that heavily depend on Nigerian students.
Robert McNeil, affiliated with the Migration Observatory,
suggested that the recent decline in international student visas may be partly
attributed to the currency crisis in Nigeria.
“Recently there has been a big focus on recruitment of
students from Nigeria, along with other countries like India,” he told The
Telegraph.
“A situation where Nigeria’s currency is potentially
devalued to where it was might be a contributing factor in declining numbers.
“There are trade-offs associated with any policy decision
about how you control migration, but there are also external factors like
currency crises that affect decision making [and the] flows of migration.”
Recently, Nigerian students enrolled in British universities
faced significant challenges in continuing their studies due to financial
difficulties.
Specifically, students at Teesside University were blocked
from their studies and reported to the Home Office after the devaluation of the
naira adversely affected their financial resources.
The university cited the students’ failure to pay tuition
fees as a breach of visa sponsorship regulations, leaving them with no
alternative.
Meanwhile, the government is actively engaged in crisis
discussions regarding the state of the university sector. It is estimated that
approximately 40% of universities in England are projected to incur budget
deficits during the current year.
Recent reports indicate that some prominent institutions are
contemplating potential mergers with smaller, struggling universities as a
means of addressing these financial challenges.
Many students in financial difficulty
Vivienne Stern, the Chief Executive of Universities UK,
stated, “Many students from Nigeria have been facing financial difficulties
following the currency crisis which began last year. In these very difficult
circumstances for students, universities have sought to work with students to
understand their circumstances and provide what assistance they can.
“This may include flexibility in terms of fee payment
schedules, offering to defer enrolments or to refund deposits to students where
prospective students were concerned that their studies were no longer
affordable, and offering support and advice for those that were already in the
UK.
“However, visa and immigration rules do mean that,
unfortunately, universities may need to withdraw sponsorship where a student is
unable to complete their studies – though this is always a last resort.”
A representative of the University of Sunderland stated, “As
evidenced in our most recent annual report, the university has maintained a
secure and sustainable financial position over the last six years and we are
working to continue this.”
A representative of Teesside University stated, “Teesside
University is a global institution with a thriving network of international
partners, and recruits from a wide variety of countries. We are extremely proud
of our diverse campus and vibrant student community and consistently rank as
number one for overall student satisfaction in the International Student
Barometer.
“Whilst there is no doubt that changes made to immigration
policy by the previous government have had an impact on the appeal of UK higher
education in the global market, Teesside continues to attract applications from
talented students from across the world and remains in a robust financial
position.
“We look forward to welcoming our new international and home
students to Teesside University this academic year.”