The magnitude-6.8 quake, the biggest to hit the North
African country in 120 years, sent people fleeing their homes in terror and
disbelief late Friday. One man said dishes and wall hangings began raining
down, and people were knocked off their feet. The enormity of the destruction
came into view in the daylight.
The quake brought down walls made from stone and masonry not
constructed to endure quakes, covering whole communities with rubble and
leaving residents picking their way precariously through remains. Rescuers
worked through the night to find survivors buried in the dusty ruins.
A tent typically used for celebrations was erected for
shelter in the center of the impoverished mountain community of Moulay Brahim,
where homes made of clay and brick were largely left uninhabitable. Fathers
sobbed into phones telling loved ones about losing their children. Bodies
covered with blankets lay in the health center next to a mosque as doctors
pulled shards from people’s feet and treated surface wounds.
“There’s nothing to do but pray,” said Hamza Lamghani, who
lost five of his closest friends.
People could be seen on state TV clustering in the streets
of historic Marrakech, afraid to go back inside buildings that might still be
unstable. Many wrapped themselves in blankets as they tried to sleep outside.
Marrakech’s famous Koutoubia Mosque, built in the 12th
century, was damaged, but the extent was not immediately clear. Its 69-meter
(226-foot) minaret is known as the “roof of Marrakech.” Moroccans also posted
videos showing damage to parts of the famous red walls that surround the old
city, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
At least 1,037 people died, mostly in Marrakech and five
provinces near the quake’s epicenter, and another 1,204 people were injured,
Morocco’s Interior Ministry reported Saturday morning. The ministry wrote that
721 of the injured were in critical condition.
“The problem is that where destructive earthquakes are rare,
buildings are simply not constructed robustly enough to cope with strong ground
shaking, so many collapse, resulting in high casualties,” said Bill McGuire,
professor emeritus of geophysical and climate hazards at University College
London. “I would expect the final death toll to climb into the thousands once
more is known. As with any big quake, aftershocks are likely, which will lead
to further casualties and hinder search and rescue.”
In a sign of the huge scale of the disaster, Morocco’s King
Mohammed VI ordered the armed forces to specialized search and rescue teams and
a surgical field hospital, according to a statement from the military.
The king said he would visit the hardest hit area Saturday,
but despite an outpouring of offers of help from around the world, the Moroccan
government had not formally asked for assistance, a step required before
outside rescue crews could deploy.
Ayoub Toudite said he had been working out with friends at a
gym in Moulay Brahim, which is carved into a mountainside south of Marrakech,
when “we felt a huge shake like it was doomsday.” In 10 seconds, he said,
everything was gone.
“We are all terrified that this happens again,” said
Toudite, who made a desperate plea on social media to send more ambulances to
the area.
Rescuers were using hammers and axes to free a man trapped
under a two-story building. People capable of squeezing into the tiny space
were giving him water.
Hundreds of men gathered in town as more than a dozen
blanket-covered bodies were carried down the hill from the health center to the
square. They knelt on a rugs and prayed for the dead in a funeral ritual before
taking them to be buried.
The epicenter of Friday’s tremor was near the town of Ighil
in Al Haouz Province, roughly 70 kilometers (44 miles) south of Marrakech. Al
Haouz is known for scenic villages and valleys tucked in the High Atlas
Mountains.
Abderrahim Ait Daoud, head of the town of Talat N’Yaaqoub,
told Moroccan news site 2M that authorities were working to clear roads in Al
Haouz Province to allow aid to get through but said large distances between
mountain villages meant it would take time to learn the extent of the damage.
The Moroccan military deployed aircraft, helicopters and drones and emergency services mobilized aid efforts to the hardest areas, but roads leading to the mountain region around the epicenter were jammed with vehicles and blocked with fallen rocks, slowing rescue efforts. Trucks loaded with blankets, camp cots and lighting equipment were trying to reach that hard-hit area, the official news agency MAP reported.
On the steep, winding switchbacks from Marrakech to Al
Haouz, ambulances with sirens blaring and honking cars veered around piles of
Mars-like red rock that had tumbled from the mountainside and blocked the road.
Red Cross workers tried to clear a boulder blocking the two-lane highway.
World leaders offered to send in aid or rescue crews as
condolences poured in from countries around Europe, the Middle East and a Group
of 20 summit in India. The president of Turkey, which lost tens of thousands of
people in a massive earthquake earlier this year, was among those proposing
assistance. France and Germany, with large populations of people of Moroccan
origin, also offered to help, and the leaders of both Ukraine and Russia
expressed support for Moroccans.
The U.S. Geological Survey said the quake had a preliminary
magnitude of 6.8 when it hit at 11:11 p.m. (2211 GMT), with shaking that lasted
several seconds. The U.S. agency reported a magnitude 4.9 aftershock hit 19
minutes later. The collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates
occurred at a relatively shallow depth, which makes a quake more dangerous.
Earthquakes are relatively rare in North Africa. Lahcen
Mhanni, Head of the Seismic Monitoring and Warning Department at the National
Institute of Geophysics, told 2M TV that the earthquake was the strongest ever
recorded in the region.
In 1960, a magnitude 5.8 tremor struck near the Moroccan
city of Agadir and caused thousands of deaths. That quake prompted changes in
construction rules in Morocco, but many buildings, especially rural homes, are
not built to withstand such tremors.
In 2004, a 6.4 magnitude earthquake near the Mediterranean
coastal city of Al Hoceima left more than 600 dead.
Friday’s quake was felt as far away as Portugal and Algeria,
according to the Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere and Algeria’s
Civil Defense agency, which oversees emergency response. -AP